Hilltribe

The Hilltribes of Northern Thailand, there are approximately 1 million Hill Tribes people live in small villages scattered throughout Northern and Western Thailand. Originating in China and Burma, most have migrated to Thailand in the last 150-200 years. Most people were fleeing from fighting in these countries and the migration continues today. Karen people were the first Hill Tribe to come to Thailand. This was followed by Lisu, Lahu, and most recently Akha.
When they came to Thailand, Hill Tribes people chose to live in the highland areas in harmony with nature, similar to that of their origins. However, these are also the watershed areas and protected forests of Thailand. Here, the villagers have the rights to use the land, but not to own it. Food and non-timber products are collected from the forest and river. Village committee's prohibit the sale of timber products, although with permission, timber can be cut for personal use. The villagers know what to harvest and how much they can collect sustain ably. If the villagers are sick, they can go to the forest and collect herbal medicine for most illnesses. Most traditional houses are built from bamboo and wood collected from the forest.
The Hill Tribes people have traditionally practices shifting cultivation of rice corn, supplemented with hunting and gathering. In the past, much opium was planted, however this practice was phased out over 20 years ago. Government policies on land use and pressure from the increasing populations now limits the Hill Tribes people to cultivating the same plot of land on a continuous basis. The pressure of modernization has caused many changes to the lifestyle of Hill Tribes people. The increased need for money has instigated a change from planting food to eat, a subsistence lifestyle, to the planting of cash crops such as cabbages. Cash crops, when successful can provide the money to buy cars, televisions and other modern conveniences.
In Thailand, there are 9 main Hill Tribes
- Akha
- Lahu
- Lisu
- Mien
- Karen
- Lua
- H'tin
- Khamu
- Hmong
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